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K-State Research and Extension News

Outbound: Kansas

Each week, former K-State Research and Extension wildlife specialist Charlie Lee joins Eric Atkinson, agriculture director for the K-State Radio Network, to discuss a wide variety of wildlife issues of interest to farmers, ranchers, hunters and wildlife enthusiasts of all kinds.  Each feature is approximately 5-minutes in length.

Send comments, questions or requests for copies of past programs to ksrenews@ksu.edu.

Program Date

Segment Title
and Description

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01-15-21

WINTER ICE SAFETY– There’s a lot of winter left, allowing for ice to re-form on Kansas ponds and streams.  Conducting hunting or fishing activities on thin ice too often results in tragedy, as a recent study highlights.  K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee takes a look at that topic, offering guidelines on ice thickness that everyone should know.

OUT 01-15
01-08-21PRAIRIE CHICKEN STUDY– Weather extremes in recent years have wildlife researchers wondering about the impact on various native species.  A new study in Oklahoma tackled that question as it relates to a primary upland bird species in the tallgrass prairie region:  the greater prairie chicken.OUT 01-08
12-18-20EAGLES AND WIND FARMS– Thanks to intensive conservation efforts over several decades, the bald eagle is now commonplace in Kansas.  And it’s been found more frequently away from its normal riparian habitat, venturing into upland areas. A new study finds that could increase the chances of eagles colliding with wind turbines.OUT 12-18
12-11-20CORMORANT FISH FEEDING– Cormorants are migratory birds which feed vigorously on fish.  And when they pass through during the winter, they often are a source of consternation for farm pond managers who want to see no harm to their pond fish resources. Former K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee takes a look at the issue, and a new study of approaches to contending with it.OUT 12-11
12-04-20GREY WOLF INTRODUCTION– Voters in Colorado recently approved the reintroduction of grey wolves in the western part of that state.  This comes right on the heels of these wolves being removed from the endangered species list. There’s more than a little controversy surrounding this plan.OUT 12-04
11-20-20QUAIL HABITAT STUDY– Research on the habitat that bobwhite quail prefer had been conducted before.  But a new study out of Texas is more detailed than previous work.  It tracked the hourly movement of quail within several habitat types. And, the findings shed important light on what habitat features quail thrive in, and when.  OUT 11-20
11-13-20RELOCATING NUISANCE WILDLIFE – For some, capturing nuisance animals in live traps is a preferred method of dealing with a wildlife damage problem. They choose to relocate that animal elsewhere, away from the home or farm.  However, that usually has negative consequences for the animal. K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee covers six things he asks people to think about before relocating nuisance animals.OUT 11-13
11-06-20DEER CROSSBOW HUNTING– Using a crossbow for hunting deer is picking up in popularity. To date, not much has been known about the impact of more crossbow hunting on deer populations, but there is some new information along that line.  K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee talks about that, and about what he considers the unfounded controversy over crossbow hunting vs. vertical bow hunting.OUT 11-06
10-30-20MIGRATORY BIRD PROTECTIONS– For a number of years, the Migratory Bird Treaty Act has provided protections for migratory bird species in this country.  Among those have been provisions on “incidental take” of protected birds, which are now being re-evaluated by federal officials.  This week, a look at those protections and what this new action is all about.OUT 10-30
10-23-20COYOTE HAZING APPROACH– Coyotes roaming highly-populated areas is a problem on the rise, as coyotes often will prey on unprotected pets. Many ideas on “hazing” coyotes away have been proposed and tried over the years. Recently, a research group reviewed those approaches, identifying those that seem to best suit community coyote control. OUT 10-23
10-16-20BIRDS AND LANDFILLS– Birds and other wildlife naturally congregate at refuse landfills, primarily to consume food waste.  It’s presumed that if a landfill is near an airport, the chances of bird-aircraft collisions would go up. That was examined in a new study, which rendered unexpected results. OUT 10-16
10-09-20DEER ACCIDENT SOLUTION– Vehicle collisions with deer in the roadway are an all-too-common occurrence in rural areas.  Over the years, many things have been tried to reduce the chances of those collisions happening, but largely to no avail.  A recent study in Ohio evaluated a new idea:  illuminating the front of the vehicle so deer can more clearly see it coming and then dash out of the way -- and the results are highly promising. OUT 10-09
10-02-20DEPLOYING TRAIL CAMS– Trail cameras have become a highly-popular item over the last 20 years.  Hunters routinely use them for scouting potential game.  They’re also extremely useful in gathering wildlife activity data for management purposes. This week, a look at trail camera selection and how to deploy them for the best results.OUT 10-02
09-25-20CAMERA TRAPS AND LURES– Using motion-activated cameras to document wildlife activity is a great tool for studying wildlife ecology.  Recently, a team of researchers in Illinois wanted to see if using lures would affect the number and variety of species that are “captured” by these camera “traps”.  OUT 09-25
09-18-20BIRDS AND CLIMATE– Irrespective of the cause, changes are happening in climate patterns.  And those are leading to more extreme weather events in recent years.  A recent study set out to measure the impact of such events on various bird species and their abilities to reproduce and thrive. OUT 09-18
09-11-20NUISANCE WILDLIFE RELOCATION– People often think that live-trapping nuisance wildlife and re-locating that animal to a “natural setting” elsewhere is the most humane way of dealing with the problem.  The facts say otherwise.  While there are several positive reasons for wildlife translocation, wildlife damage control typically isn’t one of them, and he explains why that is this week.OUT 09-11 
09-04-20BOX TURTLE HABITAT– Box turtles are a wildlife fixture in the Kansas ecosystem…in fact, the ornate box turtle is the official state reptile. Nonetheless, concerns about their well-being are starting to mount. This week, we get a look at the biological and habitat needs of the box turtle, and some things that should be thought about before this species goes into serious decline.OUT 09-04
08-28-20RAT MOVEMENT STUDY– Here’s another product of the pandemic that you may have heard about:  a large number of urban dwellers have reported what they think is a hike in rat activity.  Previous research tells us a great deal about where and how far rats move about. So, a team of researchers looked into this reported jump in rat sightings. Learn more about their findings.OUT 08-28
08-21-20COYOTE MONITORING STUDY– Using an extensive system of trail cameras, researchers in Nebraska recently monitored the movement and travel of coyotes. They were seeking to learn more about changes in coyote behavior as weather conditions change. Their results proved to be quite interesting.OUT  08-21
08-14-20FAWN PREDATION STUDY– It’s generally been presumed that predators like coyotes have a substantial impact on deer fawn survival.  A recent study set out to test that premise, by observing how well fawns thrived in an area where no predators were present. And it rendered unexpected results. OUT 08-14
08-07-20RACCOON HARVEST TRENDS– When it comes to wildlife damage to property and crops, raccoons rank right up there.  Traditionally, trapping and harvesting raccoons has been a primary means of controlling that damage. Yet, in recent years, interest in trapping has waned considerably…largely in step with declining pelt prices. OUT 08-07
07-31-20MUDDY FARM PONDS– Numerous farm ponds are in a perpetual muddy state. Silt suspended in the water makes for poorer water quality, negatively impacting aquatic life and recreational opportunities for pond owners.  There are some potential treatments for muddy ponds, which lead to varying degrees of success.OUT 07-31
07-24-20FARM POND LEAKS– Improperly-constructed or poorly-located farm ponds usually end up leaking out water.  Fixing that leak can prove costly and challenging, according to K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee.  In many instances, starting fresh by re-locating the pond is called for.  But if that isn’t feasible, other options can be considered.OUT 07-24
07-17-20ELIMINATING SKUNK ODOR– Being sprayed by a skunk, or having a pet sprayed by one, is a memorable experience.  It’s purely a defensive action by the skunk, but the odor is hard to take.  Thankfully, there are a number of proven means of removing skunk odor from people, animals, building surfaces and other targets. OUT 07-17
07-10-20CONTROLLING CATTAIL GROWTH– They’re a frequent sight in farm ponds…cattails, sometimes growing profusely around the edges of the pond water.  As far as the aquatic ecosystem is concerned, cattails have their pros and cons. But when they get out of control, they can be dealt with in several ways.OUT 07-10
07-03-20TURTLES IN FARM PONDS– They are commonplace in and around farm ponds:  turtles.  In Kansas, two species in particular frequent ponds…the sliders and the snapping turtles.  And those concerned about the well-being of fish and other aquatic life in their ponds often wonder if those turtles are creating a negative impact.OUT 07-03
06-26-20DEER COLLISION RESEARCH– Deer-vehicle collisions continue to be a prominent safety hazard on our roadways.  Doing something about it is an ongoing challenge.  Recently, researchers with the Kansas Forest Service conducted a study in South Carolina, evaluating a deer removal method called “sharpshooting”, and its ensuing impact on such collisions on nearby highways. OUT 06-26 
06-19-20FARM POND TILAPIA– Excessive aquatic vegetation in a farm pond can be undesirable.  And when blue-green algae is in the mix, it’s all the more so troublesome.  Historically, pond owners have employed grass carp to clean up algae growth. Now, another species is gaining attention as a better way to address blue-green algae blooms…tilapia. OUT 06-19
06-12-20CORONAVIRUS AND WILDLIFE– The COVID-19 pandemic has generated more interest in how wildlife species can serve as reservoirs for certain viruses.  The fact is, wildlife can carry a variety of coronavirus types, as past research has confirmed. K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee looks specifically at the role that wildlife, especially in the Asia region, may have played in the current coronavirus situation, and what can be learned from it.OUT 06-12
06-05-20WILDLIFE COMPENSATION APPROACH– Controlling wildlife depredation to livestock has always been a formidable challenge.  One location in California is currently employing a non-lethal approach to addressing the problem:  simply compensating livestock owners financially for the presence of predatory wildlife on their land. K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee takes a look at the potential of this idea. OUT 06-05
05-29-20FISH VISION TRAITS– After extensive research, scientists still aren’t exactly sure what fish see as they look around their aquatic habitats.  But a lot has been learned about their visual tendencies, and knowing something about that can improve your fishing success. Learn more about the biology of fish vision, and how that then relates to bait selection and fishing technique.OUT 05-29
05-22-20BASS POND MANAGEMENT– Good large-mouth bass fishing in a farm pond doesn’t happen by accident.  It’s a product of good pond development and management. K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee covers the basics of pond design and water quality improvement that lead to a thriving bass population in a farm pond setting.OUT 05-22 
05-15-20POND FISH HABITAT– For farm pond fish populations to thrive and grow, the pond habitat must be conducive to their needs.  One thing that pond fish require is adequate in-water cover…and that can be provided either by natural or artificial materials. There are several ways pond owners can improve that protective habitat for fish. OUT 05-15
05-08-20FISH SPAWNING TRAITS– The way that sport fish lay eggs, or spawn, is as different as the species themselves.  Knowing something about the spawning habits of sport fish can go a long way toward fishing success. We look at those habits and the spawning “timeline” of the most sought-after fish in Kansas. OUT 05-08
05-01-20TURKEY CROP DAMAGE– Wild turkeys are once again abundant in Kansas.  And they can readily be seen wandering through newly-planted crop fields in the spring…leading the farmer to wonder if those turkeys are actively pecking that crop seed out of the ground, or feeding on the new plant growth. A recent scientific review out of the University of Nebraska shed some light on that.OUT 05-01
04-24-20WIND TURBINE IMPACTS– Previous research has shown that wind turbines can present a hazard to airborne wildlife like birds and bats.  Typically, such losses have been quantified by inspections within the turbine site, conducted by people.  A recent study in California indicated that dogs may be better suited for taking inventory of these bird and bat losses. OUT 04-24
04-17-20COYOTES AND GOLF COURSES– As urban development expands, coyotes often find their normal habitat disrupted, and seek habitat alternatives.  It turns out that golf courses provide many of the habitat needs for coyotes, and a new study recorded just how frequently coyotes inhabit golf courses…and whether that’s a problem for people on the course.  OUT 04-17
04-10-20FERAL CAT CONTROL– The various issues feral cat populations can create have been well documented over the years.  A number of locations are trying an approach to feral cat control, called “trap, neuter and release”, as an alternative to euthanizing cats.  A new study out of Florida looked at the effectiveness of that alternative.OUT 04-10
04-03-20BIRDS AND CROP INSECTS– Birds obviously feed on insects that are commonly found in crop fields. But is that feeding beneficial or detrimental to crop profits? That’s the question a new study conducted in Illinois sought to answer. While it’s hard to draw a universal conclusion on this subject, this research does uncover some important findings.OUT 04-03
03-27-20GUARDIAN DOG COSTS– Guardian dogs are often employed as a non-lethal means of protecting livestock from predators, primarily coyotes.  A new study recently looked at the cost effectiveness of guardian dog protection, and rendered results that some might find surprising.OUT 03-27 
03-20-20DOMESTIC CAT PREDATION– It’s well documented that feral cats routinely prey on small wildlife.  But free-ranging domestic cats do the same, feeding on birds and small mammals.  Several methods for reducing that predation by domestic cats have been developed and tested. But how well do they work? OUT 03-20
03-13-20CROP SEED REPELLENT– Anthraquinone is a compound that’s been used for decades as a nuisance wildlife repellent. Yet, it is commonly overlooked as an option for preventing birds and rodents from feeding on newly-planted crop seed. However, recent research shows it could be a suitable way of dealing with that problem. OUT 03-13
03-06-20POND STOCKING PLAN– There’s more to developing a new farm fishing pond, or renovating an existing pond, than most landowners might think. Certain prescribed steps need to be followed to eventually enjoy a pond that’s well stocked with sport fish. Learn about the guidelines for setting a pond up for quality fishing.OUT 03-06 
02-28-20ATTRACTING PURPLE MARTINS– As migratory bird species go, purple martins are a favorite with a lot of people. Their in-flight behavior is entertaining to watch, and they consume a huge amount of airborne insect pests. Putting up artificial housing is a great way to attract purple martins. However, it needs to be done correctly.OUT 02-28 
02-21-20WOTUS RULE AND WILDLIFE– The Environmental Protection Agency recently announced its new rule for jurisdiction of navigable waters and wetlands under the Clean Water Act.  While agricultural and other interests hailed the new provisions as a relief from regulatory overreach, some wildlife interests are suggesting that the rule will be hugely detrimental to wildlife. OUT 02-21
02-14-20COYOTE DEER PREDATION– With coyote activity on the rise, many have wondered aloud if coyote predation is a factor in localized deer population declines.  This has been the subject of multiple and extensive research efforts, and they all lead to the same conclusion. OUT 02-14 
02-07-20COYOTE HAZING STUDY– Coyote activity in more populated areas is increasing, and on occasion, that can result in harm to people and pets.  A recent study looked at one approach to discouraging coyote-human interaction…hazing. And, the study found hazing techniques showed promise in driving coyotes away from places which people and pets usually frequent.OUT 02-07
01-31-20HORNED LIZARD PROJECT– As with other species, the Texas horned lizard serves an important role in the plains ecosystem…and it is readily found in Kansas. Its numbers have been declining in recent years, however. That led to a new conservation effort in Texas, employing a method that previous experience with other species says typically doesn’t work. But in this case, success is being achieved.OUT 01-31 
01-24-20GUARDIAN DOG STUDIES– Although the idea isn’t new, very little research has been done to date on its effectiveness…that is, the use of guardian dogs to protect livestock, particularly sheep and goats, from coyotes and other predators.  However, two recent studies shed some light on how guardian dogs perform in this capacity, and what effects they might have on wildlife other than coyotes.OUT 01-24 
01-17-20COYOTE CONTROL STUDY– The numbers confirm it…coyote predation on beef calves costs the cattle industry millions of dollars.  That’s why there’s so much interest in coyote control. A recently-published study took that one further, looking at the economic costs and returns to various coyote control tactics.OUT 01-17 
01-10-20QUAIL PREDATION STUDY– Research has repeatedly shown that predators greatly impact bob-white quail numbers, and not just by preying on adult birds.  Certain predators are also notorious for feeding on quail nests.  A new study looked at how adult quail defend their nest eggs…if they do at all.OUT 01-10
12-20-19DEER REPELLENT OPTION– In an attempt to protect crops or landscape plantings from deer browsing, landowners and homeowners have tried an assortment of products promoted as deer repellents  At best, the effectiveness of those products has been spotty. However, a new deer repellent idea has been tested by South Dakota State University which may hold promise in certain situations. OUT 12-20
12-13-19DEER MANAGEMENT ROLES– Agencies like the Kansas Department of Wildlife, Parks and Tourism are active in managing deer populations.  But that is not solely the responsibility of state officials, according to K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee. He maintains that landowners and hunters must do their part as well. OUT 12-13
12-06-19DEER WASTING DISEASE– Chronic wasting disease, or CWD, is a devastating affliction which continues to spread through deer populations. There’s no effective protocol against it, but hunters can do their part to slow its progress through deer herds.  OUT 12-06
11-29-19DEER AND PREDATORS– Coyotes are one of the primary predators on young deer.  But when other predators are active in a given area as well, how does that affect the impact of coyotes on deer? That was the focus of a recent new study.OUT 11-29
11-22-19LEAST TERN DE-LISTING– After decades of conservation efforts, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is proposing that the least tern be removed from the endangered species list. This wetland bird can be found in several places around Kansas. Public comment on its proposed de-listing are being taken through late December. Learn more about what’s been done in the least tern recovery effort.OUT 11-22
11-15-19QUAIL PARASITE IMPACTS– While bob-white quail populations in Kansas have rebounded modestly in recent years, the overall trend nationally is a decline in quail numbers.  One of the possible factors that researchers have been looking at is the presence of parasitic worms in quail coveys.  Learn more about what’s known to date about these rapidly-spreading parasites and their impact on quail populations.OUT 11-15
11-08-19QUAIL HUNTING TIPS– The quail hunting season in Kansas is underway, running through the month of November. The prospects for taking quail are reportedly quite good this year in most parts of Kansas. Charlie Lee talks about succeeding in quail hunting and offers advice for first-time hunters.OUT 11-08 
11-01-19DEER RUBBING AND SCRAPING– During the breeding season, deer behavior becomes more animated, particularly with respect to bucks.  They rub on trees and scrape the ground to define their territory.  This week, K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee takes a closer look at these seasonal rituals, which hunters can use to identify where both bucks and does are likely to be.OUT 11-01
10-25-19DEER FEEDING STUDY– Hunters often make supplemental feed available in areas where deer frequent, in the hopes of finding out if high-quality, or “trophy” bucks are in the vicinity. Whether that is an effective approach was the subject of a recent study in the southeastern U.S. which is relevant to Kansas’ deer habitats. The study indicates the timing of feed availability is an important factor. OUT 10-25
10-18-19NEW SNAKE REPELLENT– Like most wildlife, snakes are seeking out their shelter for the winter, which oftentimes ends up being inside a home or an outbuilding.  People have turned to snake repellent products in the past, usually with unsatisfactory results. However, there is a new compound on the market which, in an independent research trial, proved highly effective in keeping snakes out of a given area.  OUT 10-18
10-11-19BIRD FEEDERS AND NEST PREDATION– Anyone who feeds birds in the backyard knows that wildlife other than birds will often frequent that feeding area.  And a recent study wanted to find out if bird feeding encourages certain species to prey on nearby songbird nests. OUT 10-11
10-04-19CROW CHOLESTEROL STUDY– Like many other wildlife species, crows routinely feed on scraps and other human food waste. How that impacts the nutritional condition of crows was the subject of a recent two-phase study. And it served to prompt more questions about the effects of wildlife access to these supplemental food sources.OUT 10-04
09-27-19BIRD FEEDER WILDLIFE– Quite often, wildlife other than birds will hang around backyard bird feeders, consuming spillover seed from those feeders.  Additionally, some homeowners will provide a supplemental food source for wildlife at those sites, in the form of pet food.  A recent study looked at the impact of that supplemental feeding on wildlife behavior near those bird feeders. OUT 09-27
09-20-19HUMMINGBIRD MIGRATION CHANGES– The annual ritual is underway…the southward migration of hummingbirds.  They’ll continue to pass through Kansas for a while, but soon will be gone for the winter.  A new study suggests that this migration is taking place earlier than it once did.  K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee takes a look at that this week.OUT 09-20 
09-13-19PROBLEM WILDLIFE EUTHANASIA– It’s not always easy to talk about, but it is clearly an important option for controlling damaging wildlife…humane euthanasia. And the accent is on the word “humane” -- what is acceptable…and unacceptable…methods of euthanizing problem wildlife.OUT 09-13
09-06-19CRAPPIE IN FARM PONDS– Those who regularly enjoy fishing typically like to catch crappie.  It’s a species that makes for a great fishing experience as well as for tasty table fare.  That’s why so many farm pond owners would like to introduce crappie into their ponds…which generally is not such a good idea.OUT 09-06
08-30-19ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT– Recently, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service announced a series of changes in how the Endangered Species Act will be implemented in protecting threatened or endangered wildlife.  Some of those changes are being broadly welcomed, and others are meeting with skepticism from some wildlife conservation groups. OUT 08-30 
08-23-19MOUNTAIN LION STUDY– Mountain lion, or cougars, have steadily expanded their range over the recent decades.  Confirmed sightings have been made in Kansas and other central plains states.  A new study sought to find out if cougar management in the big cat’s original habitat, the Black Hills region, had any impact on that range expansion.  K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee reports on the findings.OUT 08-23
08-16-19MISSISSIPPI KITE STUDY– The Mississippi kite is a raptor found in most parts of Kansas.  Its vigorous consumption of insects makes it a beneficial bird. However, at times people are annoyed, and even frightened, by its aggressive behavior as the kite protects its nesting areas. Now, there’s a new study of that behavior. OUT 08-16
08-09-19TOADS AND FROGS– The state of Kansas features a wide assortment of toads and frogs, and they typically do well in this central plains habitat. Even so, these amphibians face their own set of challenges, and those deserve more research attention than they are currently getting.OUT 08-09
08-02-19COYOTE DETERRENT STUDY– A technique that has proven successful in protecting livestock from wolves in the western U.S. was recently tested for its effectiveness against coyote predation.  It’s called fladry…the use of a string of suspended flags as a frightening device.  This non-lethal approach to coyote damage control appeals to many livestock owners, but a new study suggests that its effectiveness tends to wane over time.  OUT 08-02
07-26-19ENTRAPPED SNAKE PROBLEM– Plastic mesh materials used for soil erosion control can be commonly seen at construction sites and along roadways.  These serve an important purpose by keeping soil in place…but they can also pose a danger to snakes, which in turn can be disruptive to the wildlife ecosystem. A new study in Texas examined the magnitude of this issue.OUT 07-26
07-19-19SALAMANDER HABITAT ISSUE– The small amphibian called the salamander can be found in Kansas.  In fact, there are multiple kinds of salamanders in the state.  Even so, wildlife conservationists are concerned about a general decline in salamander habitat. And, it is an issue worth addressing because the salamander plays a subtle, but important, role in the overall ecosystem.OUT 07-19
07-12-19QUAIL AND PREDATORS– A just-released study out of Florida confirms that the impact of certain mammals preying on quail nests can be substantial.  This multi-year in-field research systematically removed large numbers of these predators from quail habitat and the resulting effect on quail nesting success was impressive.OUT 07-12 
07-05-19FERAL DOG DAMAGE– Each year, there are reports of feral dogs attacking livestock and, occasionally, preying on wildlife. These differ from domesticated dogs who just happen to be running loose. Nevertheless, in the case of protecting livestock, the laws for control pertain equally to both kinds of dog aggression.OUT 07-05
06-28-19AVOIDING VENOMOUS SNAKES– Six venomous snake species can be found in Kansas.  But, contrary to what most might think, these snakes are not nearly the lethal threat they’re made out to be. Still, we would do well to avoid encountering rattlesnakes, copperheads and cottonmouths.OUT 06-28 
06-21-19WOODLAND MANAGEMENT FOR WILDLIFE– Properly-managed woodland areas can serve as high-quality habitat for a wide variety of wildlife species.  Such management is not achieved casually…the landowner needs to create a plan, and then execute it through both tree removal and establishment. OUT 06-21
06-14-19MANAGING POND FISH– Once a farm pond manager has taken inventory of the fish in a given pond, as was outlined on last week’s program, the next step is to strategically harvest fish from the pond to promote high-quality long-term fishing.  Charlie Lee talks about three common management options and how to carry them out.OUT 06-14
06-07-19POND FISH INVENTORY– In order to maximize the fishing opportunities in farm ponds, a well-balanced fish population is necessary. That is, the numbers of “predator” fish and “prey” fish must be in balance. And the only way to know that is to take inventory of the fish -- and there are a couple of methods of doing that.OUT 06-07 
05-31-19COMPETITIVE WILDLIFE HUNTING– Wildlife hunting tournaments have drawn a considerable number of participants in nearly all states in the U.S.  These contests have raised some ethical questions, to the point where some states are now banning such events and it may be casting a shadow over traditional hunting in the court of public opinion.OUT 05-31
05-24-19CANADA GEESE CONTROL– Canada geese are a protected migratory species. That limits the options one has for controlling the damage they can incur on home lawns and other spaces near their summer water habitat.  However, some steps can be taken to keep these geese from wandering onto  your property. OUT 05-24
05-17-19POND FISH KILLS– It’s not unusual for farm pond owners to see fish kills in the fall, as a result of an oxygen shortage in the water caused by weather conditions. This typically doesn’t occur in the spring, but this year is an exception. It's called pond “turnover” and it has led to considerable fish losses.OUT 05-17
05-10-19PRAIRIE DOG STUDY– It’s an age-old point of debate: do prairie dogs and their feeding activity negatively impact grazing forage resources for livestock?  A new study in the High Plains region came up with findings that run counter to many previous thoughts -- adding more fodder to the discussion.OUT 05-10
05-03-19KING SNAKES AND COPPERHEADS– Both king snakes and copperheads can commonly be found in Kansas.  Studies have indicated, however, that king snake populations are declining, while copperhead numbers are rising.  And the two trends may have a lot to do with each other. OUT 05-03
04-26-19FERRUGINOUS HAWK MIGRATION– Ferruginous hawks regularly dwell in the rough terrain found in parts of western Kansas.  And they are an important of the prairie ecology.  A recent study looked at the migration patterns of this large, rust-colored hawk. It confirmed that the High Plains region is a preferred habitat for this bird.OUT 04-26 
04-19-19BACKYARD BIRD FEEDING– Millions of homeowners in this country routinely feed birds in their yards.  And a recent survey asked a group of backyard bird feeders to report on the bird activity they’ve observed at their locations.  The idea is to get a better handle of bird response to artificial feeding, as well as the roles that predators and disease plat at those feeding sites.OUT 04-19
04-12-19EASTERN SPOTTED SKUNK– The eastern spotted skunk was at one time an abundant species in Kansas.  For reasons that have yet to be confirmed, this skunk has declined in numbers dramatically.  In fact, it is now designated as a threatened species in the state and deserves more conservation attention.OUT 04-12 
04-05-19CURBING BEAVER DAMAGE – Their role in the ecosystem is well grounded, but beavers can nonetheless become a nuisance for landowners with ponds and other water flow structures on their property.  The beaver’s natural tendency is to dam up moving water…which can play havoc with pond outlet pipes and road culverts, among other things. However, there are devices for deterring this activity.OUT 04-05 
03-29-19COYOTES AND DEER– As coyotes have expanded their range ever deeper into the eastern part of the United States, some have wondered if they were having a negative impact on deer populations.  While there may be localized incidents of declining deer numbers because of coyote predation, a new long-term study indicates that this is not a widespread trend…in fact, it’s quite the opposite.OUT 03-29 
03-22-19ATTRACTING PURPLE MARTINS– Quite a few people go to great lengths to attract purple martins to their location.  It’s a popular bird, in part because of its appetite for pesky flying insects.  And purple martins are now making their seasonal return to the central plains.  A recent study looked at what kinds of artificial nest housing is most appealing to purple martins.OUT 03-22
03-15-19PRAIRIE DOG VACCINE– Preventing plague from ravaging prairie dog colonies is important to preserving the prairie ecosystem.  One idea that continues to be tested is administering a vaccine, via a bait product, to prairie dogs…hopefully, to protect them from contracting plague.OUT 03-15
03-08-19PRAIRIE DOGS AND PLAGUE – When the bacteria that induces the plague infests a prairie dog colony, the results are usually devastating….and in turn, disruptive to the prairie ecosystem.  Wildlife researchers continue to study how the plague can spread, and what, if anything, can be done to protect prairie dog populations from it. OUT 03-08
03-01-19PILEATED WOODPECKER RANGE– Perhaps the largest of the species in North America, the pileated woodpecker can be found in the wooded areas of southeast Kansas.  And as woodlands continue to expand in the state, so has the range of this bird…along with its damage to trees, and sometimes, homes.OUT 03-01
02-22-19POCKET GOPHER CONTROL– Alfalfa growers in this region routinely contend with pocket gopher activity in their stands.  The damage they can inflict often amounts to substantial yield loss.  A new study evaluated the effectiveness of several pocket gopher control approaches. OUT 02-22
02-15-19LEAST SHREW TRAITS– Though it’s a common prairie mammal, the least shrew is not well known to most people.  In fact, most mistake it for a mouse or mole, not understanding the unsung role it plays in the ecosystem...and that it poses no problems for wildlife.OUT 02-15 
02-08-19FARM POND MANAGEMENT– For landowners with a new or a freshly-renovated farm pond, now is a good time to think about how that pond will be managed come springtime and beyond.  This is particularly important in regard to stocking that pond with fish and then properly maintaining the pond to promote fish populations.OUT 02-08
02-01-19ROAMING CAT IMPACT– Recent research has further documented the extent to which free-roaming cats can negatively impact wildlife.  In this instance, “free-roaming” does not mean just feral cats…it includes pet cats that are allowed to roam outside long enough to prey on birds and small mammals.OUT 02-01
01-25-19FLYING SQUIRREL DECLINE– Built for gliding from tree branches to the ground, the southern flying squirrel is one of woodlands’ more interesting creatures.  Changes to its habitat, along with greater susceptibility to predation, are causing their numbers to decline.  K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee talks more about that, citing a new study that looked into the actual woodland makeup in which southern flying squirrels thrive.OUT 01-25
01-18-19PEN-RAISED QUAIL STUDY– Historically, raising game birds in captivity and then releasing them into the wild has met with little success.  Identifying the reasons for that has proven difficult.  However, a new study out of Texas that compared raptor predation on pen-raised and wild-reared quail sheds some light on that. OUT 01-18
01-11-19CROP DAMAGE SURVEY – It’s been widely recognized that wildlife cause damage to field crops…but which species are more prone to inflicting that damage?  Answering that question was the aim of a multi-stage survey that has been conducted over 30-year intervals, and involves agriculture and wildlife officials from all 50 states. OUT 01-11 
12-21-18FARM BILL AND WILDLIFE– Perhaps overshadowed by the commodity “safety net” features of the new federal farm bill, conservation provisions within that bill are highly important to the cause of wildlife conservation.  K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee has had a look at that new legislation, and reports that it features several things that bode well for wildlife preservation. OUT 12-21
12-14-18COTTONTAIL RABBIT NUMBERS– Prolific as they are, eastern cottontail rabbit numbers have been slowly declining in the plains region in recent years.  This is largely due to changes in favorable habitat, though this rabbit remains quite abundant, and is in no way threatened or endangered. K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee talks about the nature of eastern cottontail rabbits, including some facts that most people don’t know.OUT 12-14 
12-07-18STARLINGS AND FEED BUNKS– Large numbers of starlings inhabiting livestock feeding facilities can be costly to the producer.  Those birds are notorious for consuming grain out of feed bunks, which can end up impeding livestock performance.  A recent study in Colorado attempted to pin down the components of a dairy cattle ration that appeal the most to starlings. The results may serve as a step toward a solution to this problem.OUT 12-07 
11-30-18DEER REACTION TO HUNTERS – Surprisingly, in spite of the popularity of firearms deer hunting, very little research has been done on deer movements in the presence of hunters.  A new study conducted in Oklahoma recorded deer behavior as hunters encroached on their habitat.  The findings may help explain the elusiveness of deer during hunting season.OUT 11-30
11-23-18PROZAC AND STARLINGS– When it comes to human pharmaceutical products ending up in the environment, the impact on wildlife species is not well understood.  A recent study tackles part of that big question, as researchers looked at how residues of a popular anti-depressant affected starlings that eventually came in contact with it.OUT 11-23
11-16-18INSECTICIDES AND QUAIL– The 30 years of decline in quail populations parallels the introduction and use of an important class of crop insecticides, known as neonicotinoids (knee-oh-NICK-ah-tin-oids).  Recently, scientists conducted an extensive study in Texas to see if there is a correlation between the two. OUT 11-16
11-09-18NEW RODENTICIDE OPTION– Pocket gophers and voles can cause enough damage in crop fields to merit a response from producers.  Controlling those rodents has become more complicated, as they have developed a resistance to the most frequently-used rodenticides.  Recently, the USDA evaluated another product which, in combination with those rodenticides, rendered good control results. K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee looks at the results.OUT 11-09 
11-02-18GARTER SNAKE INVASION– Harmless as they are, garter snakes are on the move this fall, seeking winter hibernation sites...often turning up in homes and outbuildings. Wildlife specialist Charlie Lee offers some background on the kinds of garter snakes found in Kansas and how homeowners can take action to keep them outside.OUT 11-02
10-26-18COYOTES AND DOGS– As coyote numbers in urban and suburban areas continue to climb, dog owners are increasingly concerned about potential coyote attacks on their animals.  The interaction of coyotes and dogs was the subject of a recent study that used social media videos to document such incidents. OUT 10-26
10-19-18BOWHUNTING AND DEER CONTROL– Primarily for safety reasons, urban wildlife control officials promote bowhunting as a preferred means of deer population control. There’s been a concern, however, about how effective archery equipment is in harvesting deer cleanly, and with a high recovery rate. That was the subject of a long-term study that K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee reviews this week.OUT 10-19 
10-12-18FERAL CATS AND RATS– Feral cats prey on a variety of other species in both urban and rural habitats.  When contending with a rat problem in a given area, many think of feral cats as a means of effective rat control.  K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee. says a new study indicates just the opposite. OUT 10-12
10-05-18BACKGROUND ON COPPERHEADS– One of the five venomous snakes found in Kansas, the copperhead, resides largely in the eastern half of the state.  And while people should refrain from tampering with copperheads, they are somewhat less dangerous than other venomous species. K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee talks about the nature and traits of copperheads. OUT 10-05
09-28-18LESSER PRAIRIE CHICKEN RESEARCH– A recent study by researchers at Kansas State University examined how useful Conservation Reserve Program grasslands are as nesting areas for the Lesser Prairie Chicken. K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee discusses the findings of that research.OUT 09-28
09-21-18NON-LETHAL PRAIRIE DOG CONTROL– A study on non-lethal prairie dog control looks promising for use in residential areas where prairie dogs often cause damage to home landscapes.OUT 09-21  
09-14-18GUARDIAN DOG ISSUES– For centuries, guardian dogs have been used to ward predators away from livestock herds and flocks.  In recent times, however, the number of livestock owners who use guardian dogs in that capacity have been relatively few.  A recent report addressed why there is such limited use of this livestock protection practice.OUT 09-14
09-07-18WILDLIFE AND MORTALITY PITS– Large livestock facilities often feature mortality disposal areas, often called pits, for disposing of deceased livestock.  Up until recently, there have been no studies of wildlife behavior in the proximity of those.  Now, new research out of Colorado suggests that various wildlife do frequent these facilities, which in some cases could be problematic. OUT 09-07
08-31-18POCKET GOPHER CONTROL– The digging activity by pocket gophers can be damaging to alfalfa and other hay fields, which in turn can be costly for growers.  There are a handful of toxicant products on the market for pocket gopher control, but their effectiveness in inconsistent.  Now, a new study suggests that combining those products could result in improved control.OUT 08-31
08-24-18TURKEY VULTURE STUDY– The role of turkey vultures as scavengers in the ecosystem is greatly underappreciated. In fact, a new study indicates that if turkey vultures were to decline in number, other wildlife would not be able to take up the slack in cleaning up carrion.OUT 08-24 
08-17-18ZINC PHOSPHIDE IMPROVEMENT– As a control product for rodent problems in agricultural settings and elsewhere, zinc phosphide can perform very well.  However, it has exhibited one important flaw…it’s often not palatable to some rodents, meaning that residual product may remain on site as a threat to off-target species like birds. Researchers are attempting to correct that problem. OUT 08-17
08-10-18SWIFT FOX RECOVERY– After decades of decline, swift fox populations are on the upswing in the High Plains region.  This is happening in spite of ongoing confrontations with coyotes.  Recent research out of Texas Tech University sought to quantify the impact of coyote predation on swift foxes. OUT 08-10
08-03-18WILD HORSES ISSUE– Efforts have been in place for well over 40 years to sustainably manage wild horses and burros in the western rangelands of the United States.  So far, they have not succeeded in curbing the boom in their populations, which is swiftly leading to rangeland degradation…and that includes negative consequences for other wildlife. OUT 08-03 
07-27-18RACCOON EVICTION PRODUCTS– Raccoons will seek out every opportunity to find secure shelter, which in some cases may be an attic or chimney.  Hiring a wildlife control professional to deal with those situations is one course of action, or another is to use a raccoon eviction product. But just how effective are they?OUT 07-27 
07-20-18CITIZEN COYOTE HAZING– Coyote encroachment into urban areas is of increasing concern.  Recently, there was an attempt in the Denver area to enlist the help of the public in encouraging coyotes to go elsewhere. It was based on citizens “hazing” coyotes. Find out what was done and the results of that effort. OUT 07-20
07-13-18MOUSE CONTROL STUDY– There are scores of products on the market for controlling mice in homes and outbuildings.  Their effectiveness was the subject of a recent USDA study, and the findings were quite surprising.OUT 07-13 
07-06-18KANGAROO RAT FACTS– Although a nocturnal animal, kangaroo rats can frequently be observed in the western half of Kansas.  This unique rodent has capabilities that allow it to survive threats from predators and harsh weather conditions.OUT 07-06 
06-29-18ANTELOPE PREDATION RESEARCH– While pronghorn antelope numbers in the High Plains appear to be relatively stable, concerns over predation losses continue. Coyotes, adept at preying on young antelope, has prompted research into the extent of that impact. OUT 06-29 
06-22-18ROADRUNNERS IN KANSAS– Likely because of increased habitat availability, the greater roadrunner can be found more frequently these days in the southern half of Kansas.  It’s a quite unique bird, and is enjoyable to observe when possible. Learn more about the biology of the roadrunner and the findings from an interesting study of its habitat preferences. OUT 06-22
06-15-18LIVESTOCK PREDATION EVIDENCE– As part of his assignment as an Extension wildlife specialist, K-State’s Charlie Lee travels the state, helping livestock producers identify wildlife predation on their stock. Before heading to the site to assess a situation, he asks producers to preserve the scene as much as possible, so that it can be confirmed that a predator is in fact responsible for that loss of livestock.   OUT 06-15
06-08-18PRAIRIE RATTLESNAKES IN KANSAS– While the prairie rattlesnake is often misunderstood and feared,  it actually poses little danger – if left alone. Knowing where you’re most likely to find prairie rattlesnakes in Kansas and what to do if you happen to cross paths with one is extremely important.OUT 06-08
06-01-18CURBING WOODPECKER DAMAGE– Every year, woodpeckers cause widespread damage to wood-sided homes and outbuildings. There’s been a lot of research in how to prevent this damage. But, what works and doesn't work?OUT 06-01
05-25-18WESTERN MEADOWLARK STATUS– For nearly a century, the western meadowlark has been designated as the state bird of Kansas.  Historically, it has thrived in the central plains environment.  But wildlife experts have noted that western meadowlark numbers have declined some in recent decades, and that deserves some attention. OUT 05-25
05-18-18RIVER OTTER RECOVERY– For years, the river otter was in a state of decline in this country.  However, through a concerted national effort to restore the otter, it has now made a highly-successful comeback.  And it can now be found commonly in many Kansas rivers and streams. OUT 05-18
05-11-18DEER TICK CONTROL– The ticks are out in full force this spring.  Deer and rodents are common carriers of ticks, and therefore can be at the center of tick control efforts.  This week, K-State wildlife specialist Charlie Lee covers some of the research-proven approaches to reducing tick numbers in a given setting, including a new system that is showing good promise.OUT 05-11 
05-04-18HUMMINGBIRD FEEDING APPROACH– The ever-popular hummingbirds are now migrating northward, and have already been seen in Kansas.  So it’s time for homeowners who want to encourage hummingbirds to stick around to put out their feeders. OUT 05-04
04-27-18CRAPPIE BEHAVIOR STUDY– The peak time for crappie fishing will soon be at hand.  The challenge for anglers is finding the crappie ahead of and during spawning.  That’s where the findings of a new study out of Kentucky may prove helpful.   OUT 04-27
04-20-18SERIOUS BAT DISEASE– A punishing disease called white-nose syndrome is hitting bat populations hard throughout the eastern half of the U.S.  And now, it has been confirmed in two counties in Kansas. Bats are a vastly underappreciated species that deserve preservation, and a multi-agency effort is now underway to address this serious disease problem.OUT 04-20
04-13-18DEER REFLECTOR SIGNS– As a way to combat the problem of deer collisions with vehicles, some states have deployed what are called wildlife warning reflectors along the sides of roadways.  These are intended to frighten deer away from the road as a vehicle approaches.  A recent study evaluated how well those perform, and arrived at a surprising result.OUT 04-13
04-06-18NORWAY RAT CONTROL– The property damage that Norway rats can inflict around homes and farmsteads can be substantial. However, taking measures to control these common rodents is a simple multi-step process. OUT 04-06